Investigate Causality International Freight -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Questions: What are the top destinations for outbound travelers? What factors motivate Australians to travel abroad? How tourism contributes to economy? What kinds of tourist visits Australia? What factors discourage outbound travel? For how much time tourist stay in Australia? Answers: Introduction Flight Center opens the world for the one who want to travel as it one of the largest supplier for travel services and products. It delivers high quality service to the customer by providing tourism from overseas. It increases the inbound and outbound travel in the country with in turn increases economic growth of the company. It is one of the leading travel groups operating in more than 23 countries and the network is speeded in more than 90 countries increasing the business globally all around the world. Overview Flight center has become worlds most profitable travelling agency delivering amazing experiences to customers. It has engaged number of customers from all over the world making a growth in the market. (Flight Center, 2018). Tourism is one of the important components for the economy of the country. This travel group has expanded and marked a remarkable growth for more than 40 brands. Tourism contributes around $47.5billion to the national economy. Flight Center has business in Australia, Canada, Hong Kong, United Kingdom, New Zealand , United States, India, South Africa, China, Singapore, United Arab Emirates and Mexico and has a annual turnover of around $20 billion. It is well recognized around the world. This has increased tourism in Australia from international borders. In 2016 around 37.3 million people crossed Australia though majority movements were for short stay and very less for long term stay in the country. The researched showed that major travellers are for short stays, t hat is affected by seasonal changes and the reason for short stay is holidays, visiting friends or relatives, or for biasness purpose. Other than short term stay, people do come for long term stay or even some are migrated. Background Flight center is not an overnight success story. The struggle started in early 19s. The journey of Flight Center started in 1970 than business expanded rapidly. First flight center was setup in Sydney in 1982 and a huge success was reported as the share price increased on the first day of trading. It is a travel group which has the largest retail outlet in Australia. It was founded in 1982. Now it is one of the leading travelling group consisting more than 40 brands. Flight Center provides travel services tremendously in last years. Chief part of economy in Australia comes from tourism. This contributes in large amount of Gross domestic product (GDP) and the tourism is growing day by day. Thus natural beauty has attracted many tourists in the country from all over the world. Tourism is a boom for the economy due to new emerging markets which is estimated to be the largest trade and industry contributor to the Australian tourism industry (Krishna, et. al, 2015). Long term stay in Australia has increased rapidly in last years the reason is for higher studies or for business purpose (Preuss Solberg, 2015). Tourism- It can be concluded that Tourism is one of the important things for contribution of Australian economy most of the contribution is from international tourist Tourism in Australia has expanded because of which country has improved the facilities of travelling from anywhere. Moreover, New Zealand contributes to maximum tourist apart from that many backpackers youth travel from all over the world. This is possible because of flight center providing to connect to Australia from anywhere. Tourists from different countries Australia offers a huge international tourist; New Zealand offers one of the major percentages of tourism in the country. One of the reasons for tourism is beautiful destinations like Sydney, Brisbane and Melbourne are popular cities to visit. Approx. 2 million people visit these places yearly. Apart from New Zealand, China, Great Britain, Unites States are significant countries for supporting tourism in Australia (McLennan, Becken Moyle ,2017). Tourist mainly comes for spending holiday but Australia also offers international business market encouraging business events like meetings, conferences, exhibitions and associations meet. Apart from that not only inbound travel has increased in the country, outbound travel is subsequently rising from 2009 as many Australians are travelling out of the country. The outbound travel has increased due to rise of air services (King, B., Dwyer, L. (2015). Australia is promoting tourism as it grows both international and domestic tourism. Tourism increases marketing which supports Australian government for promoting quality of services and distribution of Australian products. The strong point of outbound travel is Australian dollar as offering facilities of flight center help Australians travel overseas affordably (Athanasopoulos, Deng Song, 2014). Availability of advanced flight connectivity to all major part has increased tourism. But the outbound travel has affected domestic tourism (K han, Qianli, SongBo, Zaman Zhang, (2017). From the above chart it can be seen that outbound travel has increased rapidly than the inbound travel. Inbound tour is within the same country by to a different destination it contributes to the revenue of flight center wherein outbound tours help flight center to globally grow around the world. Domestic Tourism means travel of Australians in Australia itself it also accounts in economy of the country. Domestic travel covers both one day trip to overnight trips within Australia. Instant travel implicates a vacation away from home minimum one night at radius of 40 kilometres away from home (Abascal, Fluke Jiang, 2016). Other than that day visitors also travel for a short trip for around distance of at least 50 kilometres from home for few hours. Spending within the country is beneficial as total revenue generated in the country is directly related to visitor exports, domestic travellers and government spending for betterment (Gardiner, Grace King, 2014). Finally it is concluded that tourism is a booming industry for Australia and its one of the key for future economic success this is achieved because Australia has invested a lot in tourism sector to increase number of visitors. Travel constitute directly in the capital investment (Espinosa, Fluker Jiang, 2015). Project Purpose and Objectives In this project, research is made on Flight Center and how it has increased tourism in the country. Australia is investigated on its outbound and inbound travel to focus and identify the reasons for tourism. For this research panel data modeling is used which showed the short term departures from Australia to different places around the world. Objective of this project report is: Reason why tourism increased in Australia? How Flight center has contributed to tourism? When flight center started and its policies? Determining the factors affecting inbound and outbound travel in Australia? Determining which factors influence the decision to travel abroad? Determining factors that discourage outbound travel among Australians? Brief Literature Review On the behalf of Bank of Australia (2009), Fight Center is Australians largest travel agency increasing global trading and contributing to economy. Flight center have provided healthy growth in international as well as domestic profit. Future it has increased touring sector by investing in other countries as well. Flight center is a traveler retailer covering all sectors from students to business to backpackers providing luxury travelling. Extra ordinary travel activities have increased in Australia from all over the world because of best travel experience. Some people travel just to visit friends while some come for a holiday break. The goal of this study is to know the relationship among air transportation and tourist industry. According to Australias International Tourism Industry (2015) it is stated that tourism in Australia has increased rapidly since past decades from 2.5 million to almost 6.7 million till 2014. Growth in tourism means step toward success of Australia. It has contributed to Australian economy apart from this Tourism has increased the demand of international airline services (Ruhanen, Whitford McLennan, 2015). Like flight center is one of the main reason for tourism as it has easily connected globally to various destinations. Flight Center enabled global market for international visitors. Tourism Industry researched showed that major contribution for increasing tourism is from China, New Zealand, Asia, and UK. Government has taken various steps increasing tourism by investing in tourist related accommodations or infrastructure. Government has also aimed for some programs encouraging tourism and many business plans. Thus international visitor are fascinated to Australia not just because of its beauty but due to quality of service provided to tourist (Tourism Research Australia ,2017). All research says that Australians choose to travel outside the country for holidays to different destination have increased the outbound travel these days. According to Office of the Chief Economist (2017), Air transport facilities have globally given a support for tourism as half of the tourist travel to their destination by flight services. These tourists are making major contribution to the economy of the world. Researcher showed that tourism would come up with70 million jobs and $11 trillion in GDP. Growing of tourism sector has boosted national economy and promoted many countries the reason behind this is opening up of air market. Tourism is directly dependent on the transportation facilities and growth of tourism impact on increasing air transportation. Transportation is one of the most vital components of the tourism business. As a well-developed transportation system generates the possibility for reaching the particular destination and numerous markets by providing the finest superiority service to the traveler. Flight center is one of them main aim, as people nowadays care about traveling time more than the airfares or the dist ance. Thus the only medium used by tourist is air transportation which has reduced the time mandatory to travel from one destination to another and boosted the long-distance trips by sinking the time. Air transportation has become the most widespread mode of travel in current society. Air transportation has made conceivable to travel for long-lasting trips in a short time period which in turn increased the demand for long-distance trips. Nowadays, the share of air transport in the market has full-grown ominously. Improved facilities of transport as expanded tourism, however easily accessible services have made tourism easy. For international tourism main mode of transportation is via air. With astounding growth of airline services the world seems to be a small place as allows billions of people to travel all around the world. Even the government realized importance of tourism industry for the development of the country. Without the introduction of flight centre services, rapid incre ment of tourism wouldnt be possible. As flight centre is present in many countries which owes a portion of success in tourism as they are expanded all around the globe. Holidaymakers use these airline facilities to be a constant source of travelers in the country thus the airline initially intended to bring in global tendencies. In the views of Okamura Fukushig (2010) , the main source pf earning forign currency is tourism in the country. Educational and natural travel, adventure and sports tourism, pilgrimage and religious destinations, and national parks and reserves are the areas of the Australia travel industry. But it is clear that holiday business cannot be established without a fast running transport system. More than 74 percent tourists drifting to Australia pick air transportation. On the other hand it is one and only network that associates remote tourist destinations to capital city and other parts. This indicates how dynamic the air transportation is groomed the tourism industry. The stay by tourist in Australia can be for short-term accommodation or backpacker or may be for business trip. It state that tourism contributes almost $11 billion to GDP in 2014 to around $55 billion till 2022. Flight center airlines have offered multiple designations which have restricted the ability of other countri es to travel to Australia by multiple designations via airlines. This has necessitated a process for allocating policies and procedures to Australian airlines. Flight Center services commission has established for this purpose for increasing tourism and supported the achievement and development of one business inspire growth and progress of the other. In the perspective of Australian Bureau of Statistics, (2017) the service quality also provides strong relation with the trust of the customers. The trust can be defined as the willingness of the customers to rely on the company for the offered services. In the business enterprises, confidence can be considered as the most important factor in establishing collaborative relationship with other business organizations and enhancing the reliability of the organization. The image of the organization and the overall impression of the organization is a result of their feelings, attitude, and ad experience with the organization. The corporate image of the organization is associated with the physical attributes and the behaviour of the firm in the organization. The image of the organization is related to the communication process of the organization and the manner in which the firms deploy their messages to the firms as part of their strategic mission, purpose and identity. Therefore, the companys image is constructed on the basis of the services provided by the organization to the cust omers. In the perspective of Trend Flight Center (2018) ,the service provided by flight center has a strong relation with the trust of the customers. The trust can be defined as the willingness of the clients to count on the company for the offered services from all around the world. The most important factor in establishing tourism in the country is air transportation that can collaborative in the growth of business by enhancing the reliability of the organization. Tourism has various tangible and intangible elements. The major tangible elements include conveyance, accommodation, and other mechanisms of the hospitality industry which attracts more tourism in the country. Major intangible elements narrate to the inspiration for fetching a tourist such as rest, chance to meet new individuals and experience other beliefs, or simply to do something unlike and have an adventure. According to Tourism Research Australia (2017), role of transportation has explored the growth of tourism from developing economic growth and also growing the connection among countries. Tourism is the key element promoting to country progress in terms of transport infrastructure to tourism service providers. Growth of the country has a close correlation with the tourism sector. As brining the business to the county international tourism is one of the factors. Tourism sector is trying to bring forward the idea of smooth travel in order to resolve sustainability and provide client pleasure. This includes providing supportable transport solutions in both ends for business travels. Research Methodology, Results and Discussion The research design ensures that the indication based from the research assists the people to successfully address the research problem in the most logical and unmistakable manner as possible. The investigation design refers to the complete approach; it participates in the diverse components of the study in a coherent and the logical manner. It refers to the blueprint of research, which includes the data collection, measurement and the analysis of the research data. The information obtained from the research will have severe implications for the managers in the tourism industry. The research will try to establish the link between customer loyalty and their enthusiasm towards tourism. The study offers valuable insight about flight centre and inbound and outbound travels which supports the organization in increasing the customer loyalty. In the last few years, there has been drastic increase in the tourism competition between the firms in the tourism industry. Therefore, it is importan t that the organizations develop their competitive advantage and attract more people in the country by offering good quality of service. Panel Data Modeling According to statistics, it is said that Panel data models are models containing multidimensional data which involves observations of various phenomena samples developed over a period of time of individuals, firms, countries. Panel Data modeling is said as pooled time series or longitudinal data where Pooled time series is an individual unit that are small in numbers but time series are large on the other hand Longitudinal series are individual unit large in numbers but time series are small. Panel data modeling is used for tourism purpose for assessing resistance of demand for tourism and for forecasting by developing a tourism demand model statically (Eilat Einav, 2004). This modeling provides large number of information and more degrees of freedom as great number of observations are involved. It is a mechanism to govern individual variance and studies the dynamics adjustment. Panel data modeling is useful parameter for improving efficiency of economic estimates by reducing the complexity and time series as it constructs more complicated hypotheses. This tool is used for accurate prediction of data and it simplifies computation and statistical inference of data efficiently (Hsiao, 2014). Factors that Affect Travel Trend Estimates Tourism visiting a place has several factors affecting them which can vary from cost of travel to destination they are visiting. Tourism provides benefits to that place as it removes the gap between rich and poor. As well as social awareness of that place increases due to tourist. There are several factors that affect travel estimate of the place- Changes in income, exchange rate changes, cost of air travel and migration to other countries. There are several factors that contribute to boost up the Travel and Tourism Industry of a country (Freed, 2015). As tourism trade benefits country economically, environmentally as well as sosioculurtrally. Tourism is one of the main factors of better development of the country; tourism not only contributes in countrys economy. Rather tourism offers other benefits as well like employment to local population. As time spent by tourist in the country gives employment to people which in turn increases the family income. Environment factor of the country also affects tourism (Muskat, Muskat, 2016) Outbound Travel Rate-Outbound travel in Australia is lower than the inbound travel. As inbound travel contributes to positive GDP of the country as well as it is the chief source of foreign exchange which creates employment and brings revenue to the government of the country. Outbound travel doesnt contribute to the economy of the country but airlines companies get benefits from outbound tourism like flight center provides services which welfares the travellers (Jin Sparks, 2017). The standard of living and the facilities offered to tourist have increased tourism in the country. According to the trend estimated the outbound travel has increased in last years. In 2016, around 9.9 million people departure from Australia due to business purpose or sending holidays (Tan Tsui, 2017). Income- From the research it can be said income in Australia is one of the determinant reason for increasing short term departures. An inbound travel has increased the market shares of business trios which showed increase in growth rates of the country. Key factors which have affected international tourism is exchange rates in various countries and due to low airfares .As well as tourism has contribution in investment sector which helps in tourism marketing in the community. Per capita income of the company denotes the average income earned per individual in specific area in a year (Gohary Gohary, 2017). Outbound travel has impacted the income of the country, which shows the correlation between GDP and departure. There is clear correlation between outbound travel and income of the country; when the income is low trend of outbound travel also decreases where in when income is high; outbound travel also increases. Cost of travel- The researchers assessed that the facility of transportation as well as the cost of transportation is the key reason for inbound and outbound travel from the country. Flight center is responsive for travelling due to very nominal charges especially airfares from Australia to New Zealand. This is the reason New Zealand contributes to maximum tourist in the country. Cost of travel is inversely related to economic growth that means decrease in economic growth leads to increase in cost of travel (Peeters, 2017). Cost of travel always affects the outbound and inbound travel. Increase in cost of travel decreases the outbound travel wherein reduced cost of travel increases outbound travel. People before planning to travel look at the cost of travel whether it is domestic or outbound trip. Cost of travel definitely affects the tourism of the country. Migration- Effect of migration also affects the departures and arrival from Australia and analyzed by (Dwyer ., Burnley, Murphy Forsyth, 2015) states that effect of migration from Australia as it states that out of 0.59 travellers, 0.79 tourists travel aboard for visiting friends. On the other hand, the tendency of international departures from Australia is directly affected by the immigration policy of the country (Thiesing, Henkel Schmitt, 2017). Migration also impacts inbound and outbound travel, Australian studied reveals the link between migration and tourism as millions of people are moving overseas. Growth in migration is vital reason for tourism as it contributes in enriching societies and other sectors. As many people have migrated to Australia for business purpose or for their higher studies, thus their friends and relatives visit the country which in chance increases tourism. Migrants income is contributing in basic infrastructure in the country at the community level (G uarnizo, 2017). Exchange Rate- This report explains the effect of exchange rate on Australias tourism and also the rate of increase in the tourism industry of Australia. In one of the studies, it is observed that a sudden appreciation in Australian dollar does not have negative impacts tourism industry of the country in the long run. The record shows that tourists from north east Asia accounts to 28% , out of the total tourist which travel to Australia, followed by north west which accounts for 21% between 1991 and 2010. There has been a tremendous fluctuation in the Australian dollars against the used. It has been observed that in January 2016, the Australian dollar was decreasing and reached as low of 0.69. (Statistics courtesy of the Reserve Bank of Australia). As the Australian dollar was depreciating, many industries were benefited with this including the tourism industry (Karl, Winder Bauer, 2017). Later, it was observed that there was a rise of above 0.80 against the USD, leading to decrease in the international visitors. This constant rise in the exchange rate will make the country less attractive and more expensive even for the local tourism. According to tourism Australia, in the year ended July 2017, total 8.6 visitors visited the country (Lee Yue, 2017). In addition, the success of tourism industry lately will add to the increase in the tourism industry more. Further it can be also concluded that the exchange rate is not only the factor driving tourism, There are other factors too which need to be considered. It is explained that if large investments are done, the tourism industry will not be affected much (Webber, 2010). Travel Agencies- Expansion of travel agencies has increased the growth of the country as start off starts at very low fares so that more and more people can fly. Flight center covers many countries that are the reason more people are taking flights and flying high. Plus security of airlines has attracted more people to catch-up and travel. Australia being a very big continent and consisting of a constant self-governing government is a unique place to travel safe (Hales Larkin, 2018). The country is popular for its attractive heritage which in turn increases tourism. According to Australian Bureau of Statistics data in the year 2012-2013, it was also showed that tourism industry was greatly affected with the appreciation in Australian dollars. But lately in the year 2013-2016, the dollar started to depreciate again (Hardiman Burgin, 2017). Substitute Destination- Australia has attracted many tourists by its beauty and destinations that cant be missed Sydney is on the major spot of attraction. Not only places but it is also known for raw materials, monuments, sight-seeing and landscapes. Australian wildlife is also popular among the tourist from all over the globe as kangaroos are famous over there. Lately, Australia has become a dream destination as there are many beautiful places to visit like opera house, Great Barrier Marine Park, Harbour Bridge and Melbourne (Ma, Hsiao Gao, 2017). Beaches in Australia have contributed in attracted tourist for holidays (Abodeeb, Wilson Moyle, 2015). The hospitality of Queens land and casinos attract abundant people from all over the world come to Australia as there is easy connectivity of flights from everywhere. Conclusion Australia is net destination explored for tourism the inbound tourism has grown faster than the outbound travel. It is concluded that the contraries economic growth leads to high earning in Australia which as a major motivation to international departures. Travel and tourism field is rapidly growing in world. Every year, the travel industry is growing that has provided parallel growth to the airline companies. At the same time travelers throughout the world started travelling more due to flexible facilities. Apart from that advances in air technology has meant that travelling by air is now fairly safe, economic, quick and most importantly comfortable. After World War II the development of the airliner services led to quick falls in seat cost per passenger per kilometer and increasing tourism in the country. These advances have contributed in the growth. This is majorly contributes by Flight Centre Travel Group as it is part of responsible Travel pledge and association of the United N ations Global Compact. References Abodeeb, J., Wilson, E., Moyle, B. (2015). Shaping destination image and identity: insights for Arab tourism at the Gold Coast, Australia. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 9(1), 6-21. Athanasopoulos, G., Deng, M., Li, G., Song, H. (2014). Modelling substitution between domestic and outbound tourism in Australia: A system-of-equations approach.Tourism Management,45, 159-170. Australias International Tourism Industry, (2015), viewed 8 Feburary, https://www.pc.gov.au/research/completed/international-tourism/international-tourism.pdf. Australian Bureau of Statistics, (2017). 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